6–7 AH(628–629 CE)

Letters to the Kings & Rulers

رسائل النبي إلى الملوك

Summary

The Prophet (peace be upon him) sent letters inviting the rulers of the world's major powers to Islam, including Heraclius (Byzantine), Khosrau II (Persia), the Negus (Abyssinia), Muqawqis (Egypt), and the rulers of Bahrain, Oman, and Yemen.

Details

The Prophet had a silver seal made inscribed 'Muhammad Rasul Allah' in three lines. Heraclius recognised the truth of the message and questioned Abu Sufyan (who was in Syria for trade) about the Prophet's character and teachings. Khosrau II tore the letter, and the Prophet said: 'His kingdom will be torn apart.' The Negus accepted Islam. Muqawqis sent gifts including Mariyah al-Qibtiyyah. These letters demonstrated the universal nature of the Prophet's mission and are preserved in various historical sources.

Source References

[1]
As-Sirah an-NabawiyyahIbn Hisham (editing Ibn Ishaq)
Vol. 2, pp. 590–607
[3]
[4]
Zad al-Ma'ad fi Hady Khayr al-'IbadIbn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah
Vol. 3, pp. 60–65