The Prophetic Biography

مولد النبي ﷺ

The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) was born in Makkah on Monday, the 12th of Rabi' al-Awwal, in the Year of the Elephant ('Am al-Fil). He was born into the noble clan of Banu Hashim of the Quraysh tribe.

نزول الوحي في غار حراء

At the age of forty, while in seclusion in the Cave of Hira during the month of Ramadan, the angel Jibril (Gabriel) came to the Prophet (peace be upon him) and commanded him to read. The first verses revealed were the opening of Surah al-'Alaq (96:1–5).

الهجرة إلى المدينة

The Prophet (peace be upon him) and Abu Bakr migrated from Makkah to Madinah, hiding in the Cave of Thawr for three days while the Quraysh searched for them. Ali ibn Abi Talib slept in the Prophet's bed as a decoy. This event marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar.

غزوة بدر

The first major battle in Islam. 313 Muslims faced approximately 1,000 well-equipped Qurayshi warriors at the wells of Badr. Allah granted the Muslims a decisive victory. Seventy Quraysh were killed and seventy captured, including prominent leaders like Abu Jahl.

فتح مكة

The Prophet (peace be upon him) marched on Makkah with 10,000 Muslims after the Quraysh violated the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah. Makkah was conquered virtually without bloodshed. The Prophet entered humbly, his head bowed on his riding camel, reciting Surah al-Fath. He cleansed the Ka'bah of 360 idols.

حجة الوداع

The Prophet (peace be upon him) performed his only Hajj, known as the Farewell Pilgrimage, with over 100,000 Muslims. He delivered the Farewell Sermon (Khutbat al-Wada') at Arafat, establishing fundamental principles of justice, equality, and human rights.